Single-hole punches are widely used in the British Civil Service where papers are punched with a single hole in the upper left, and secured using a treasury tag. This helps cut down on cheating by eliminating any cards that may have been tainted by players. Single-hole punches are often used to punch holes through old playing cards at casinos, marking them as "used" or "canceled". Some ticket punches have a longer reach/depth (allowing for a particular spot on the ticket to be punched), or punch a particular shape instead of a round hole. A specialized ticket punch may be used for this purpose. Single-hole punches are often used to punch an admission ticket or other document to indicate it has been used or processed. For very large amounts of paper, a paper drill may be used instead of a punch.Ī single-hole punch makes a single hole per activation, usually at an arbitrary position (i.e., without alignment guides). This allows the chads to be pushed up and out the top, as the paper is being cut, making it more suitable for thicker volumes of paper. Some punch designs use hollow punch heads (a thin-walled tube), with the edge a sharpened blade. There may be positions where a punch head will not make contact with the activating handle, allowing holes to be "turned off". There may be marks on the device to identify standard hole positions. A set screw holds each fitting in position. Commonly, one or more punch heads are mounted in independent fittings, which can slide along a rail. On multiple-hole punches, the positions of individual punch heads may also be adjustable. The other guide will be on a perpendicular side, and aligns the holes between the top and bottom of the sheet. One guide will be along the side of the paper to be punched, and sets the distance of the holes from the edge of the paper (the margin or gutter). Such punches generally feature two paper guides for alignment. There are hole punches which punch patterns of multiple holes at once, typically for binding multiple sheets together (see § Applications). Hole punches for larger volumes of paper (hundreds of sheets) feature longer lever arms, but function similarly. For low-volume hole punches, the resulting lever handle need not be more than 8 centimetres (3.1 in) long for sufficient force. The travel distance of the cylinder is generally very short - the thickness of the paper sheets - so the cylinder can be positioned close to the lever fulcrum. The handle functions as a lever, decreasing the amount of force the operator needs to apply. The cut-out bit of paper scrap is called a chad. The hard edge of the punch vs the die cuts a hole in the paper, pushing the cut piece out the bottom of the die. Moving the handle pushes the head straight through the sheets of paper. One or more sheets of paper are inserted between the head and the die, with the flat face of the head parallel to the surface of the sheets. Both head and die are usually made of a hard metal, with precise tolerances. The head can move, while the die is fixed in place. The die is a flat plate, with a hole matching the head. The punch head is typically a cylinder, with a flat end called the face. The essential parts of a hole punch are the handle, the punch head, and the die.
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